Annealed A2 Tool Steel
Tool Steels
Property Overview
Density7.8g/cm³
Elastic Modulus190GPa
Tensile Strength710MPa
Yield Strength350MPa
Brinell Hardness210HB
Maximum Service TemperatureUnknown
Chemical Composition
C
1.0 to 1.1%
CR
4.8 to 5.5%
NI
0 to 0.3%
MO
0.9 to 1.4%
MN
0 to 1.0%
SI
0 to 0.5%
P
0 to 0.030%
S
0 to 0.030%
CU
0 to 0.25%
V
0.15 to 0.5%
FE
89.4 to 93.3%
Mechanical
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa
Elongation at Break
21 %
Fatigue Strength
240 MPa
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
74 GPa
Shear Strength
450 MPa
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
710 MPa
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
350 MPa
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
210
Rockwell B Hardness
96
Physical
Density
7.8 g/cm 3
Thermal
Latent Heat of Fusion
260 J/g
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K
Thermal Conductivity
38 W/m-K
Thermal Diffusivity
10 mm 2 /s
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Thermal Shock Resistance
25 points
Electrical
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
8.2 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
9.5 % IACS
Calculated
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
8.9
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
120 MJ/m 3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
310 kJ/m 3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
25 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
23 points
Environmental
Base Metal Price
5.5 % relative
Embodied Carbon
2.7 kg CO 2 /kg material
Embodied Energy
38 MJ/kg
Embodied Energy
38 MJ/kg 16 x 10 3 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
73 L/kg
Embodied Water
73 L/kg 8.8 gal/lb
Registered Designations & Aliases
Annealed A2 Tool Steel
Standards
ASTM A681 ASTM A681: Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy
SAE J437 SAE J437: Selection and Heat Treatment of Tool and Die Steels
SAE J437 SAE J437: Selection and Heat Treatment of Tool and Die Steels ASTM A681: Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy Tool Steels, 5th ed., George Roberts et al., 1998 Tool Steels: Properties and Performance, Rafael A. Mesquita (editor), 2016